The 2002 Überlingen mid-air collision killed 71 people after a crew overrode their TCAS Resolution Advisory - a case study in why RA compliance is an absolute rule.
GPS spoofing over conflict zones is injecting false position data into ADS-B, creating phantom traffic on cockpit displays and generating false TCAS resolution advisories.
ACAS X replaces TCAS's fixed logic tables with probabilistic algorithms, cutting nuisance advisories by 40–50% while handling drones and eVTOLs alongside manned traffic.
Radio Hangar explores TCAS to ACAS X, the Climb-Climb-Now Voice in the Cockpit, and the Optimized Logic That's Teaching Collision Avoidance to Turn Left Instead of Just Up.
Radio Hangar explores TCAS, the Resolution Advisory, and the Automated Voice That Overrules Air Traffic Control When Two Airplanes Are Thirty Seconds From Hitting.
The 2002 Überlingen midair collision killed 71 people and permanently established that a TCAS Resolution Advisory legally outranks an air traffic controller.