Torque, P-Factor, Gyroscopic Precession, and the Spiraling Slipstream: The Four Forces That Pull Every Student Pilot Left and the Right Rudder Habit That Fixes All of Them
The four left-turning tendencies - torque, P-factor, gyroscopic precession, and spiraling slipstream - all peak simultaneously at high power and low airspeed, making right rudder the most important habit in the pattern.
Pattern